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Psychiatric Disorder Research






Schizophrenia, ADHD, and Autism are classified as different
psychiatric disorders in the DSM-5, though recent research has revealed
common genetic roots that may lead to shared symptoms among them1. While the cause of these disorders are still unknown, animal research, particularly genetical modified models, have been instrumental in helping researchers to better understand associated risks, such as neurodevelopmental, genetics, and environmental factors. 





Shared Symptoms/Parameters

  • Hyperactivity
  • Social Interaction and Aggression
  • Increased EEG Frequency in Gamma Bands
  • Hyponatremia 
  • Behavioral Impairment 
  • Increased Arousal State
  • Brain Volumes
  • Similar Genetic Expression
Psych Disorders_Blue



Commonly Used Species in Psychiatric Disorder Research





Mouse Silhouette

Mice




rat

Rats

non-human primate

Nonhuman Primates




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Resources



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In Vivo Research Approaches in the Study of Neurological Disease and Psychiatric Disorders

This paper provides researchers with the following information:
a) a summary of the most commonly researched neurological disease and psychiatric disorders
b) observations regarding in vivo physiologic endpoints of interest
c) the products used to collect these endpoints.


CNS, Neuroscience, Preclinical Neuroscience, Animal models of neuroscience, CNS animal models



View our highlighted publications to learn how researchers are using DSI solutions to get confident results psychiatric disorder studies




DSI Solutions are Trusted by Psychiatric Disorder Researchers to Get Meaningful Answers Out of Their Studies

Scientists have developed pharmacological and genetic approaches that have led to a focus on objective physiological/ behavioral parameters in animal models. If such parameters are studied simultaneously, the information gathered would likely offer better insight into the disease progression and pharmacological treatment. DSI provides a wide range of validated solutions to fit researcher needs during the many stages of their research.

Click on a research area below to learn more about endpoints of interest collected in psychiatric disorder studies.













Cardiovascular

Schizophrenia, ADHD, and Autism all report higher rates of cardiovascular comorbidities and events than the general population. Factors that have been found to play a role in increasing risks include pharmacological treatments, lifestyle, access to healthcare, and biological links. 


Common Endpoints


Blood Pressure

Heart Rate Variability

Arrhythmias

Pulse Wave Velocity



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Google Scholar Indexes 161 Publications Citing DSI, Cardiovascular and Autism or Schizophrenia or ADHD








Behavior

Behavioral impairment, hyperactivity, and increased arousal state are all common behaviors exhibited in Schizophrenia, ADHD, and Autism. Researchers use validated behavioral assessments to examine
the relationship between genetic and environmental alterations, and behavioral abnormalities. Adding
video to these assessments along with compatible behavioral software, gives researchers more valid
scientific interpretations. 


Common Endpoints


Basal Activity

Attention Performance

Social Interaction

Startle Response to Acoustic and Tactile Reflex

Prepulse Inhibition of of Startle Reflex

Repetitive Behavior

Cognitive Rigidity

Aggression

 

*Behavioral solutions are available from our Harvard Bioscience sister brands Panlab and Coulbourn Instruments. Reach out to us to learn more about how to incorporate these solutions into your current research set-up.

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Google Scholar Indexes 1,677 Publications Citing Panlab and and Autism or Schizophrenia or ADHD

Google Scholar Indexes 2,577 Publications Citing Coulbourn Instruments and and Autism or Schizophrenia or ADHD








Electrophysiology

Increased electroencephalography (EEG) frequency in gamma bands and alterations in sleep patterns are detected in patients with Schizophrenia, ADHD, and Autism. Studying electrical activity within the brain
are helping researchers understand neurobiological mechanisms that underlie clinical symptoms.
Recently, the FDA has approved EEG based testing as a diagnosis and predictive tool for Schizophrenia, ADHD, and Autism. 


Common Endpoints

Sleep Scoring (EEG & EMG)

Neural Activity and Behavior (Video-EEG)

Neural Activity and Connectivity (EEG)

Optogentics

  

 


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Google Scholar Indexes 161 Publications Citing DSI, EEG and Autism or Schizophrenia or ADHD



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Highlighted Publications

Elmarakby, A., Faulkner, J., Pati, P., Rudic, R. D., & Bergson, C. (2019). Increased arterial pressure in mice with overexpression of the ADHD candidate gene calcyon in forebrain. PloS one, 14(2), e0211903.

Kozak, R., Kiss, T., Dlugolenski, K., Johnson, D. E., Gorczyca, R. R., Kuszpit, K., ... & Volfson, D. (2020). Characterization of PF-6142, a Novel, Non-Catecholamine Dopamine Receptor D1 Agonist, in Murine and Nonhuman Primate Models of Dopaminergic Activation. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 11, 1005.

Lee, K. Z., & Liao, W. (2018). Loss of CDKL5 disrupts respiratory function in mice. Respiratory physiology & neurobiology, 248, 48-54.

Missig, G., Robbins, J. O., Mokler, E. L., McCullough, K. M., Bilbo, S. D., McDougle, C. J., & Carlezon, W. A. (2020). Sex-dependent neurobiological features of prenatal immune activation via TLR7. Molecular psychiatry, 25(10), 2330-2341.

Qiu, P., Jiang, J., Liu, Z., Cai, Y., Huang, T., Wang, Y., ... & Li, Q. (2019). BMAL1 knockout macaque monkeys display reduced sleep and psychiatric disorders. National Science Review, 6(1), 87-100.

Raith, H., Schuelert, N., Duveau, V., Roucard, C., Plano, A., Dorner-Ciossek, C., & Ferger, B. (2020). Differential effects of traxoprodil and S-ketamine on quantitative EEG and auditory event-related potentials as translational biomarkers in preclinical trials in rats and mice. Neuropharmacology, 108072.

Rowley, S., Sun, X., Lima, I. V., Tavenier, A., de Oliveira, A. C. P., Dey, S. K., & Danzer, S. C. (2017). Cannabinoid receptor 1/2 double‐knockout mice develop epilepsy. Epilepsia, 58(12), e162-e166.

White, A. R., Tiwari, D., MacLeod, M. C., Danzer, S. C., & Gross, C. (2020). PI3K isoform-selective inhibition in neuron-specific PTEN-deficient mice rescues molecular defects and reduces epilepsy-associated phenotypes. Neurobiology of Disease, 144, 105026.

Zhang, R. V., Featherstone, R. E., Melynchenko, O., Gifford, R., Weger, R., Liang, Y., & Siegel, S. J. (2019). High-beta/low-gamma frequency activity reflects top-down predictive coding during a spatial working memory test. Experimental brain research, 237(7), 1881-1888.






References

1 Cross-Disorder Group of the Psychiatric Genomics, C. Identification of risk loci with shared effects on five major psychiatric disorders: a genome-wide analysis. Lancet 381, 1371-1379, doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(12)62129-1 (2013).

2 Ahnaou, A., Ver Donck, L. & Drinkenburg, W. H. Blockade of the metabotropic glutamate (mGluR2) modulates arousal through vigilance states transitions: evidence from sleep-wake EEG in rodents. Behav Brain Res 270, 56-67, doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2014.05.003 (2014).

3 Uhlhaas, P. J. & Singer, W. Abnormal neural oscillations and synchrony in schizophrenia. Nat Rev Neurosci 11, 100-113, doi:10.1038/nrn2774 (2010).